These increases were offset by realizations and distributions to limited partners in KKR's private equity portfolio and distributions in various public market strategies.
KKR's private market AUM was $108.1 billion as of March 31, up 4.5% from Dec. 31 and up 5.8% from March 31, 2018. Public market AUM was $91.4 billion as of March 31, flat from three months earlier but up 23.3% from 12 months earlier.
KKR's management fees were $292.3 million for the first quarter, up 4.6% from the previous quarter and up 16.2% from the first quarter of 2018. Transaction fees were $186.7 million for the first quarter, down 49.2% from the previous quarter but up 19.1% from the year-earlier quarter. Monitoring fees were $25.7 million for the first quarter, up 5.3% from the previous quarter and up 46.9% from the year-earlier quarter.
Total realized performance income was $349.9 million in the first quarter, up 1.2% from the fourth quarter and up 59.8% from the first quarter of 2018.
KKR had a GAAP net income of $701 million for the quarter, compared with a net loss of $1.1 billion in the previous quarter and $170.1 million in net income for the year-earlier quarter.